H. pylori Eradication Treatment Causes Alterations in the Gut Microbiota and Blood Lipid Levels.

Gracia M Martín-Núñez,Mercedes Clemente-Postigo,Francisco J Tinahones,M Del Mar Roca-Rodríguez,Fernando Cardona,Isabel Cornejo-Pareja,José C Fernández-García,Isabel Moreno-Indias

doi:10.3389/fmed.2020.00417

Abstract

Background: The gut microbiome plays an important role in the lipid metabolism. Antibiotic treatment causes changes in the intestinal microbiota. Our objective was to explore the relationship between changes in the intestinal microbiota and the level of plasma high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL).Methods: Prospective case-control study with Helicobacter pylori-positive patients undergoing eradication therapy with omeprazole, clarithromycin, and amoxicillin. Stool and blood samples were obtained from 20 controls (H. pylori negative) and 40 patients before and 2 months after antibiotic treatment. Gut microbiota was determined through 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing (Illumina MiSeq).Results: Eradication treatment for H. pylori increased the HDL levels, and caused changes in gut microbiota profiles. An unfavorable lipid profiles (high LDL and low HDL levels) was associated with a low microbial richness and an increase of the Bacteroidetes phylum. Prevotella copri, Lachonobacterium, and Delsufovibrio were positively associated with HDL while Rikenellaceae was negatively associated with HDL after completing antibiotic treatment.Conclusions: Helicobacter pylori eradication treatment could improve lipid metabolism in relation with an increase in the HDL. Changes in the abundance of specific bacteria, such as P. copri, Lachonobacterium, Delsufovibrio, and Rikenellaceae could be associated with change in the plasma HDL levels.

Highlights

Increasing evidence has demonstrated that the intestinal microbiota is critical for the development of diseases associated with altered lipid metabolism [1] including variation in the level of blood lipids [2]
We have previously found that antibiotic therapy used for H. pylori eradication can alter the intestinal microbiota population, and more importantly, these changes were associated to glucose metabolism and GLP-1 [10, 11]
high density lipoproteins cholesterol (HDL) levels increased significantly after H. pylori eradication with antibiotic therapy (p = 0.021), while low-density lipoproteins cholesterol (LDL) levels were significantly lower in controls than in H. pylori-infected subjects (p = 0.036; Table 1)

Summary

Introduction

Increasing evidence has demonstrated that the intestinal microbiota is critical for the development of diseases associated with altered lipid metabolism [1] including variation in the level of blood lipids [2]. Triglycerides and high density lipoproteins cholesterol (HDL) levels have been associated to the diversity and amount of Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes members (including Christensenellaceae, Pasteurellaceae, and genus Butyricimonas) [2]. The concentration of serum low-density lipoproteins cholesterol (LDL) is regulated, in part, by a cross-talk between the absorption of dietary and biliary cholesterol in the intestine, and the biosynthesis of cholesterol in the liver [6]. Our objective was to explore the relationship between changes in the intestinal microbiota and the level of plasma high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL)

Objectives

Methods

Results

Conclusion