Gynura procumbens NANOENCAPSULATION: A NOVEL PROMISING APPROACH TO COMBAT DENGUE INFECTION

Abstract

Nanoencapsulation of G. procumbens with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) is intended to increase anti-dengue activity and prevent its bioactive deterioration. The particle size of Ga-NPs was 161.00 ± 2.17 nm with a PDI value of 0.33 ± 0.02 while the particle size of Gp-NPs was 136.33 ± 0.47 nm with a PDI value of 0.34 ± 0.01. Those indicated both Ga-NPs and Gp-NPs had a homogeneous particle size distribution. Moreover, both nanocapsules showed stability at 30-100oC but were less stable at high pH and salt concentrations. Ga-NPs have a %LE (96.236 ± 1.156%) higher than the %LE of Gp-NPs (95.567 ± 0.334 %), but release of Gp-NPs is better than Ga-NPs. G. procumbens extract, Ga-NPs, and Gp-NPs exhibited anti-dengue activity with IC50 values of 11.22, 7.67, and 12.75 µg/mL, respectively. However, Ga-NPs and Gp-NPs are more potent because they have higher SI values with low cytotoxicity (CC50) compared to G. procumbens extract. Herein, nanoencapsulation of G. procumbens is proved to increase bioavailability and controlled release and allow precision targeting of bioactive compounds to enhance bioactivity activity.