Abstract

Plain Language SummaryThis study explores how bacteria in the gut can cause infections in the blood of preterm infants in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Focused on preterm infants with low birth weights, the study divided them into two groups: those who did not develop sepsis (Group A) and those who did (Group B). Over 3 years, the stool samples were collected from recruited infants to understand the relationship between gut bacteria and bloodstream infections (BSIs). It was found that infants with sepsis had a higher number of harmful bacteria in their guts compared to those without sepsis. Klebsiella pneumoniae was the most common bacteria found in both the gut and the blood of infants with sepsis. The study concluded that the presence of harmful bacteria in the gut is strongly linked to the development of BSIs in preterm infants. It suggests that managing gut bacteria might help prevent these infections. This research highlights the need for more studies to find effective ways to protect these vulnerable infants from serious infections.

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