Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are major causes of mortality and morbidity in the modern society. The rupture of atherosclerotic plaque can induce thrombus formation, which is the main cause of acute cardiovascular events. Recently, many studies have demonstrated that there are some relationships between microbiota and atherosclerosis. In this review, we will focus on the effect of the microbiota and the microbe-derived metabolites, including trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO), short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and lipopolysaccharide (LPS), on the stability of atherosclerotic plaque. Finally, we will conclude with some therapies based on the microbiota and its metabolites.
Highlights
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the most common underlying cause of death accounting for an estimated 17.8 million of 54 million total deaths [1]
Mediterranean diet (MeDiet) can alter the gut microbiota
As we described above, such conditions can accelerate the development of atherosclerosis and make plaques more prone to rupture
Summary
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the most common underlying cause of death accounting for an estimated 17.8 million of 54 million total deaths [1]. Several studies have investigated the effects of the gut microbiota on atherosclerosis and proved that there are some connections between cardiovascular events and atherosclerotic plaque characteristics [9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19].
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