Abstract
BackgroundSpinal deformity is the oldest disease known to humankind. Many types of treatment methods, including both conservative and surgical, are in use.ObjectiveWe aimed to validate a published guideline protocol based on the conservative treatment of spinal deformities.MethodA modified Delphi technique was used with a questionnaire sent out to professionals worldwide regarding the conservative treatment of spinal deformities.ResultsOur study was completed after two rounds. A strong level of agreement of 80% and more (consensus cut-off point) was achieved in most questions in the first round. Some statements were below this margin, and they were sent to the participants via email in the second round for re-evaluation. Consensus was achieved in almost all of the statements in the second round. Only two items did not reach the cut-off point but were close to this value.ConclusionThis proposed Guideline Protocol was approved by the participants using the Delphi method and can be used as a valid tool for the conservative treatment of spinal deformities.Clinical implicationsA conservative treatment guideline in spinal deformity management, will provide consistency in treatment and will facilitate comparability with surgery. It will be useful in determining the cost-effectiveness of treatment and in choosing the right patient for the right method of treatment. This guideline might help in this context, and may also create a systematic method for clinicians to use as a reference in both research and clinical practice.
Highlights
Spinal deformity is the oldest disease known to humankind (Kostuik 2015) The deformity in the adult spine may be ongoing for a long time or it may be a sequel to a developmental deformity experienced in childhood
The study process including the number of participants in each round and the status of the statements is shown in the Flow Diagram (Figure 1)
As tested within our study, we believe that this guideline will create a systematic method for clinicians to use in both research and clinical practice
Summary
Spinal deformity is the oldest disease known to humankind (Kostuik 2015) The deformity in the adult spine may be ongoing for a long time or it may be a sequel to a developmental deformity experienced in childhood. There may be many types of deformity involving the spinal vertebrae such as adult and adolescent forms of scoliosis, kyphosis, and lordosis (Diebo et al 2019). Hyper-kyphosis and lordosis are other types of sagittal plane spinal deformities often seen in clinical practice. All of these spinal conditions may lead to cosmetic appearance problems (Goldberg et al 2001; Marks & Qaimkhani 2009; Weiss & Moramarco 2017), pain (Achar & Yamanaka 2020), postural imbalance (Herman et al 1985), biomechanical deterioration (Schultz 1984) and respiratory dysfunction (Johari et al 2016). Many types of treatment methods, including both conservative and surgical, are in use
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