Guideline Materials and Documentation for the Genetic Diversity Indicators of the Monitoring Framework for the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework

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Genetic diversity is fundamental to biological diversity, vital for species’ health and adaptation to environmental change. Under the recently adopted Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (GBF), 196 Parties committed to report the status of genetic diversity for both wild and domesticated species. For this, three genetic diversity indicators were developed, two of which focus on processes contributing to genetic diversity conservation: ensuring that populations are large enough to maintain genetic diversity (effective population size Ne 500 indicator) and maintaining genetically distinct populations (populations maintained, PM indicator). A third indicator focuses on the number of species being monitored using DNA-based methods. Adopted by 196 CBD Parties in December 2022, GBF integrated Ne 500 and PM as headline and complementary indicators, respectively. To aid nations in quantifying these indicators, a detailed set of guideline materials was developed, encompassing species selection, data compilation, and indicator computation. These guidelines draw from the collaborative efforts of the first multinational assessment of genetic diversity indicators that was recently completed and that will be refined continually through a versioning system, as more experience is gained and shared. The materials aim to support the global monitoring framework established by the CBD and are accessible online for utilization and updates. The guidelines are available at this link.