Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to develop a fixed-wing aircraft that has the abilities of both vertical take-off (VTOL) and a fixed-wing aircraft. To achieve this goal, a prototype of a fixed-wing gyroplane with two propellers is developed and a rotor can maneuver like a drone and also has the ability of vertical take-off and landing similar to a helicopter. This study provides guidance, navigation, and control algorithm for the gyrocopter. Firstly, this study describes the dynamics of the fixed-wing aircraft and its control inputs, i.e., throttle, blade pitch, and thrust vectors. Secondly, the inflow velocity, the forces acting on the rotor blade, and the factors affecting the rotor speed are analyzed. Afterward, the mathematical models of the rotor, dual engines, wings, and vertical and horizontal tails are presented. Later, the flight control strategy using a global processing system (GPS) module is designed. The parameters that are examined are attitude, speed, altitude, turn, and take-off control. Lastly, hardware in the loop (HWIL) based simulations proves the effectiveness and robustness of the navigation guidance and control mechanism. The simulations confirm that the proposed novel mechanism is robust and satisfies mission requirements. The gyrocopter remains stable during the whole flight and maneuvers the designated path efficiently.
Highlights
Aerial vehicles have many usages in the academic, civilian, and military areas due to significant progress made in information technology, solid-state devices (SSD), and battery technologies [1]
Fixed-wing is different from rotary-wing air vehicles, in which the wings form a rotor attached to a circling shaft [4]. e wings of fixed-wing air vehicles do not have to be rigid
Fixed-wing aircraft cost less than helicopters, so they are suitable for hobbyist purposes, too [4]
Summary
Aerial vehicles have many usages in the academic, civilian, and military areas due to significant progress made in information technology, solid-state devices (SSD), and battery technologies [1]. E main contributions of this research are to construct a new and novel model of aircraft that has the abilities of both the (VTOL) and fixed-wing aircraft, to mathematically model the aerodynamics of the aircraft, and to develop a novel, hybrid control strategy using both the PID control and the neural network adaptive control. Reference [16] modifies the classic model reference adaptive controller to apply it to the station-keeping and landing of a fixed-wing aircraft on a moving platform It achieves translational maneuvers without a change in pitch and roll attitude. The results verify the efficiency of the suggested algorithm In another recent research on fixedwing aircraft, reference [17] offers a new design of the aerial vehicle with independently tilt wings for different flight movements. E results of simulations and experiments prove the better efficiency of the proposed model than traditional aircraft
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