Abstract
In this study, expression pattern-and function of growth arrest specific gene 6 (Gas6) during porcine oocyte maturation and early embryonic development were systemically investigated. The expression of Gas6 in the process of follicular development was studied by immunohistochemical staining, immunofluorescence, QRT-PCR and western blot. Immunohistochemical staining results showed that Gas6 was expressed in the oocytes, especially the nucleus, from the primary to preovulatory stages. The further immunofluorescence results showed that Gas6 was expressed thoughout the in vitro matured porcine oocytes, and the staining signal decreased in the first 12 h but then increased during the process of oocyte maturation. QRT-PCR analysis revealed that Gas6 mRNA was continuously expressed during the process of oocyte maturation, disappeared after parthenogenetic activation, re-appeared and elevated in the blastocysts stage. The following western blot analysis revealed a similar expression pattern with QRT-PCR and immunofluorescence. In conclusion, the expression pattern of Gas6 gene is closely related to oocytes maturation and embryo development. Gas6 may play a crucial role in the process of oocytes maturation and improve the development potential of early embryos by promoting the cytoplasmic maturation.
Highlights
Nadequate and interrupted supply of feed raw materials increase price of raw materials making serious burdens on feed supply to fish producing industry
The primary target in fish rearing is to an important issue
The primary target in sex change studies anabolic steroids. Such growth promoters supplemented in fish is to get higher growth rate
Summary
Effects of dietary supplementation of two different hormones on growth, sex conversion and reproduction of electric yellow cichlid, Labidochromis caeruleus were investigated. Possible negative (sterilization, mortality, reproduction performance etc.) and positive (growth, sex conversation etc.) impacts of hormone administration were assessed. L. caeruleus were fed orally with these hormone-supplemented feeds and growth parameters, sex conversion and survival rate were examined. Fish from the first experiment were fed with commercial cichlid feed containing no hormones and numbers of fry produced was recorded. The present findings revealed that 17α-Mt hormone was more effective in growth and sex conversion, while the survival rate and number of fry produced were negatively affected by the increased dose of both hormones. DŞ collected the data and wrote this manuscript. Key words Development, Electric yellow cichlid, Hormone treatment, Reproductive performance, Sex conversion
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