Growth and Yield Response of Mungbean (Vigna Radiata L) for the Combination of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Fertilizers with Rhizobium Strains: A Review

Abstract

Mungbean (Vigna Radiata L. Wilczek) is one of the most important pulses grown in different tropical and sub tropical parts of the world which is commonly known as green gram (bean). It is rich in vitamin A and protein that considered as a substitute of animal protein and forms a balanced diet when taken in combination with cereals contain low level of protein. It is a favorable crop for the semi-arid areas due to its short growing cycle. It has an ability to fix the atmospheric nitrogen for its own use, improves soil fertility and for residual carry over in association with rhizobium strains. Nitrogenous fertilizers are important because nitrogen is the main component of amino acid as well as protein. But the use of biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) technology in the form of rhizobium inoculants in grain legumes can be an alternative of nitrogenous fertilizer. It also requires phosphorus , for growth and development. Mungbean meet up its N requirement through BNF depending on proper growth, development and also leg-hemoglobin content of the root nodules through activity of phosphorus which is very important for nodule formation and to fix atmospheric nitrogen. All characteristics of grain and shoot dry matter (above ground biomass) yields were significantly increased due to seed inoculation with particular rhizobial strains. It is recommended to apply appropriate amount of N mineral fertilizer directly before sowing even though a soil is well supplied with N. Phosphorus is needed in relatively large amounts by legumes for growth and high level of phosphorus in the soil helps the uptake of other nutrients, which ultimately produces healthy plant parts. Growth and yield of mungbean can be increased due to appropriate application of NP fertilizers with rhizobium strains. NP nutrient deficiencies are the major constraints limiting N fixation, growth and yield and a deficiency can be overcome by applying rhizobium strain and providing N and P nutrients in the soil. Production potential of mungbean is dependent on primary essential elements nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers, and rhizobium strains. So, optimum supply of nitrogen and phosphorus inoculating with appropriate strains are the best ways of mungbean production and also further researches on other macro and micro nutrients are need to be done. Keywords : Mungbean, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Rhizobium strain, Growth, Yield DOI : 10.7176/JBAH/9-23-05 Publication date: December 31 st 2019