Abstract
ABSTRACT In the use of satellite positioning systems such as the Global Positioning System (GPS) significant errors can be introduced into the indicated position through the properties of the antenna structure. Of particular interest are the phase characteristics of the antenna as a function of observation angle. The microstrip antenna features a rugged, low profile and light weight construction making it an ideal choice for practical applications, but positioning accuracy may be limited by the phase perturbations introduced by the microstrip mounting surface. The rectangular microstrip and narrow slot antennas are investigated with several groundplane types using slot theory and the Uniform Theory of Diffraction (UTD) for their applicability in GPS. Amplitude, phase and phase centre characteristics are studied with particular emphasis on the pattern response at low elevation angles which are of particular interest in hydrographic and aviation applications. Analytic and experimental data are presented to ...
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