Abstract
AbstractThis paper aimed to determine the grey water footprint (GWF) of groundwater resources. The effect of groundwater recharge on grey water footprint was investigated in Southeastern Turkey. In this paper, GWF has been monitored in October and March in terms of nitrate and arsenic concentrations for ten observation wells in the Harran Plain. In this study, a new approach was developed based on the GWF to determine the nitrate and arsenic pollution of groundwater. GWF of coagulation-flocculation and biochar adsorption processes were calculated and benchmarked with each other. In the second stage of the study, the effect of groundwater recharge using reclaimed municipal wastewater on GWF was investigated applying Monte Carlo simulation. The results revealed that nitrate led to higher GWF. According to the results, biochar application could reduce the GWF. Total reduction of GWF would be approximately 64.3% if groundwater recharge using reclaimed wastewater is applied.
Highlights
The grey water footprint (GWF) is a term to determine the minimum volume of freshwater required for diluting pollutant loading based on the existing water quality standards (Morera et al 2016)
The main aim of this study is to determine the GWF of groundwater resources and to investigate the effect of groundwater recharge on grey water footprint in Southeastern Turkey
This paper shows that the grey water footprint is a significant indicator of water pollution
Summary
The grey water footprint (GWF) is a term to determine the minimum volume of freshwater required for diluting pollutant loading based on the existing water quality standards (Morera et al 2016). Water scarcity is described as the deficiency of adequate available freshwater resources to fulfil water requirements in a region or country. Groundwater resources have a crucial role in water scarcity. Water resources management has a vital importance for countries that have water scarcity problems such as Turkey (Yapıcıoğlu 2019a; Yapıcıoğlu 2020). It is important to protect the water resources from pollution. GWF is an indicator to monitor the effect of pollutants on water supplies. From this perspective, GWF of groundwater resources that nitrate and arsenic located in the Harran Plain was investigated in this study
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