Abstract
Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs) have emerged as a promising technology for the treatment of wastewaters containing toxic, recalcitrant organic compounds such as dyes, pesticides etc. This review paper focuses on the Fenton and photo- Fenton technique which is one of the most efficient AOPs developed to decolorize and/or degrade organic pollutants. This oxidation method can produce biodegradable intermediates and mineralize complex organic pollutants effectively and efficiently. In this paper Fenton and photo-Fenton methods are categorised into two broad groups as homogeneous and heterogeneous Fenton and photo-Fenton processes. Applications of fundamental and advanced combined Fenton and photo-Fenton processes are also discussed.
Highlights
Since the industrial revolution an expedient world economic growth led to environmental pollution and crisis for clean and safe water
Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs) generally refer to a group of processes which involve generation of hydroxyl radicals, which are the second most reactive oxidizing species which can degrade an array of organic compounds non selectively with a high degree of efficiency
Malato et al[135] examined the intermediates formed and their toxicity during the photocatalytic treatment of diuron by employing heterogeneous and homogeneous photocatalysis with titanium dioxide and photo-Fenton, respectivelyat equivalent pilot-scale which was made up of Compound Parabolic Collectors (CPCs) by both phototreatments in 45 min total disappearance of diuron was achieved whereas 90% of mineralization was reported after 200 min of photocatalytic treatment
Summary
Since the industrial revolution an expedient world economic growth led to environmental pollution and crisis for clean and safe water. A dramatic increase in recalcitrant compounds in waste water being generated from different industrial activities has been reported[1] These compounds even present in micro or ppm level are highly toxic as well as persistent and hard to degrade completely by biological or conventional methods. AOPs generally refer to a group of processes which involve generation of hydroxyl radicals, which are the second most reactive oxidizing species which can degrade an array of organic compounds non selectively with a high degree of efficiency It includes O3 and H2O2 as oxidants with assistance of light, catalyst (iron, TiO2, ZnO etc). A large quantity of ferric hydroxide sludge is formed at pH value higher than 4.0 which poses an adverse effect on the environment and terminates the Fenton reaction[22] To solve these problems and to improve the efficiency of the process, heterogeneous process has been devised by which escape of iron can be prevented. This present review deals with the application of Fenton and photo Fenton process for the degradation of a plethora of complex hazardous compounds and describes the advancement and development of these techniques in two sections, namely, Homogeneous and heterogeneous Fenton and photo-Fenton processes
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