Green Synthesis of ZnO Nanoparticles using Eryngium Billardieri Leaf Extract: Characterization and its Anti-Diabetic Properties

Abstract

The present study developed the green synthesis approach to prepare ZnO nanoparticles (ZnONPs) with the aid of Eryngium billardieri leaf extract as an efficient stabilizer. The properties of the fabricated nanoparticles were determined by TEM, FE-SEM, XRD, EDX, FT-IR, TGA, and UV-vis DR spectra techniques. The results obtained from FE-SEM and TEM images displayed that the size of ZnONPs synthesized in the presence of the leaf extract in compared to the chemically fabricated sample was decreased. According to the results from UV-vis DRS spectra, EDX, FTIR, and TG analyses, presence of some bio-molecules from the plant extract on the surface of ZnONPs was confirmed. The green synthesis of nanoparticles using extracts and their potential applications as anti-diabetic agents has attracted a great attention in recent years. Anti-diabetic activity of the prepared sample was detected by treating alloxan-induced diabetic rats compared with those treated with the E. billardieri leaf extract and insulin. The pre and post treatments, levels of fasting blood sugar, total cholesterol, insulin, high-density lipoprotein, and total triglyceride were determined. Analysis in the diabetic rats displayed an increase in high-density lipoprotein and a significant decrease in fasting blood sugar levels in all groups under treatment. Furthermore, cholesterol reduction was observed in the group treated by ZnO powder prepared in the presence of the extract. The anti-diabetic results indicated that the green ZnONPs have an excellent efficiency in overcoming diabetic rats.