Green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles using Pisonia Alba leaf extract and its antibacterial activity

Abstract

The reducing and capping agent of Pisonia Alba leaf extract were used in a green production of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles. UV–Vis, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy with EDS (SEM) were all used to examine the produced ZnO nanoparticles. UV–Vis spectroscopy verified the synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles and their resulting optical characteristics. The UV–Vis spectra showed that the ZnO nanoparticles formed at an absorption peak maximum of 378 nm. Bandgap of the ZnO nanoparticles was also examining. The relevance of Pisonia Alba leaf extract's phenolic chemicals, alkaloids, terpenoids, and proteins in the nucleation and stability of ZnO nanoparticles was proposed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). XRD pattern compared with the standard confirmed spectrum of ZnO nanoparticles formed in the present experiments. These results provide further evidence that ZnO has a hexagonal structure (JCPDS-file: 89–1397). There appears to be no contaminants in the ZnO nanoparticles, as evidenced by the XRD pattern. Nanoparticle morphology is investigated with a SEM with EDX. Based on these morphological analyses, ZnO nanoparticles have a similar shape to aloe vera leaves. Oxidation state of the Zn was determined by XPS. The green synthesized ZnO nanopartices were used to evaluate for the antibacterial activity against gram positive and gram negative bacteria. ZnO nanoparticles have potent antimicrobial properties.