Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles by Cardaria draba and Evaluation of its Insecticidal Effect on Schizaphis graminum

Abstract

Schizaphis graminum one of the main pests of the wheat crop, causing direct and indirect damage to the growth and yield of the crop. The biosynthesis of nanoparticles using plant extracts is the most recent and workable application for pest control. This study was conducted to know the potential activity of insecticidal of synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using plant leaf extracts of Cardaria draba. Synthesis was confirmed firstly by visual observation and then by UV-Vis spectrophotometer where The peak was recorded at 428 nm, The results of XRD technique of the colloidal solution confirmed the crystalline nature of the silver nanoparticles. FTIR analysis spectrum showed different types of functional groups which played crucial role in the biosynthesis of AgNPs. FESEM analysis determined the size and shape of AgNPs where average size was 85nm with roughly circular or spherical in shape. Different concentrations of AgNPs were prepared and tested on mortality of the stages of S. graminum, The highest mortality of adults and nymphs recorded 52.99 and 57.13% respectively at the high concentration 100 ppm compared with 4.79 and 5.87% respectively in the control treatment after 3 days from exposure time. In addition to statistically significant differences was in adult and nymph mortality between concentrations. The results suggested that using green biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles can be used as an effective way in the control S. graminum on wheat crops.