Abstract
In the present investigation, the synthesis of copper nanoparticles from green tea was attempted and investigated for its capacity to adsorb drugs (Ciprofloxacin). The copper nanoparticles (Cu-NPs) were characterized by different techniques of analysis such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images, atomic force microscope (AFM), blumenauer-emmer-teller (BET), fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and zeta potentials techniques. Cu-NPs lie in the mesoporous material category with a diameter in the range of 2-50 nm. The aqueous solution was investigated for the removal of ciprofloxacin (CIP) with green tea-synthesized Cu-NPs. The results showed that ciprofloxacin efficiency depends on initial pH (2.5-10), CIP (2mg/L-15mg / L) dose, temperature (20 ° C-50 ° C); time (0-180 min) and Cu-NP dose (0.1g /L-1g /L). Spherical nanoparticles with an average size of 47nm and a surface area of 1.6562m2/g were synthesized. The batch experiment showed that 92% of CIP 0.01 mg/L were removed at a maximum adsorbent dose of 0.75 g/L, pH 4, 180 min, and an initial 1:1 rate (w / w) of CIP: Cu-NPs. Kinetic adsorption models and ciprofloxacin removal mechanisms were examined. The kinetic analysis showed that adsorption is a physical adsorption system with activation energy of 0.8409 kJ.mol-1. A pseudo-first-order model is preferred for the kinetic removal after the physically diffusing process due to the low activation energy of 13.221kJ.mol-1. On the other hand, Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, and Dubinin isotherm models were also studied; the equilibrium data were best fitted with Langmuir and Dubinin isotherm models with maximum adsorption capacity of 5.5279, and 1.1069 mg/g, respectively. The thermodynamic values of ∆G0 were -0.0166, -0.0691, -4.1084, and -0.7014 kJ/mol at 20, 30, 40, and 50 ° C, respectively. The values of ΔH0 and ΔS0 were 18.8603 kJ/mol and 0.0652kJ/mol.k, respectively. These values showed spontaneous and endothermic sorption. The presence of the CIP concentration in aqueous media was identified by UV-analysis.
Highlights
Increasing the risk of health because of indiscriminate drug disposal in aqueous environments and drug contamination of the groundwater system has been a major cause for concern because of harmful environmental effects [1]
The characterization results show that the Copper best fitted with Langmuir nanoparticles (Cu-NPs) nanoparticles have positive effects in terms of use and adsorption on the prepared adsorbents
The parameters of the adsorption process were optimized with pH, contact time, initial antibiotic concentration, temperature, and CuNPs dose values of 4, 60 min, 10 mg/L, 40°C, and 0.75 gm/L, respectively)
Summary
Increasing the risk of health because of indiscriminate drug disposal in aqueous environments and drug contamination of the groundwater system has been a major cause for concern because of harmful environmental effects [1]. Adsorption has some advantages among these methods because of its high selectivity, high removal efficiency, easy operation, and lower costs [5]. This process uses the so-called "sorbent, adsorbent, or bio-sorbent material," which reduces contaminated solutions in the form of pollutant molecules (so-called adsorbates) [8, 9]. Green synthesis offers advances compared to chemical processes because it makes it easy to extend to large-scale systems with an environmental, economic, and efficient environment. The performance of adsorption of Cu-NPs to the concurrent removal of the antibiotic of ciprofloxacin (CIP) was subsequently studied in detail, taking into consideration the influence of some environmental factors on the adsorption behavior
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