Green synthesis of cerium nanoparticles using hibiscus rosasinesis extract and evaluation of their antimicrobial activity and photocatalytic activity

Abstract

A bio-mediated method was used to create spherical-shaped cerium dioxide (CeO2) nanoparticles (NPs) utilizing hibiscus Rosa-sinensis flower extract. Techniques including FT-IR, ZETA, XRD, SEM, and UV–Visible were used to characterize the NPs. The antibacterial and photo catalytic capabilities of NPs were investigated. The SEM findings show that the concentration of Hibiscus cerium extract in the reaction mixture had a significant impact on the NPs' shape. The FTIR analysis confirmed the phyto chemical involvement in NPs stabilization. Rhodamine-B (RhB) was used to measure the photocatalytic activity of NPs under UV and sunlight illumination. CeO2 NPs with 5 ml were shown to have better photocatalytic activity under both UV irradiations. Defect-induced bandgap-engineered CeO2 NPs were given credit for the improved photocatalytic activity and characteristics. Excellent breakdown performance is provided by CeO2 NPs', which also has antimicrobial surface activity. Furthermore, a better nanoparticle that functions as a charge divider to prevent charge coupling and improve the performance of photodegradation. It was discovered that adding biomaterial enhanced the efficacy of Rhodamine B breakdown with increased CeO2 doping. Under light irradiation, Rhodamine b breakdown decreased from 3.344 to 0.513 after 210 min. Additionally, CeO2 with 5 ml shows considerable antibacterial action against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, and E. coli. These results demonstrate CeO2 NPs' significant potential as a versatile material for a variety of applications.