Abstract
Electron paramagnetic resonance, optical absorption, and photoluminescence spectroscopy have been combined to characterize ZnO powders that were prepared by spray pyrolysis. We generally observe a good correlation between the 510 nm green emission intensity and the density of paramagnetic isolated oxygen vacancies. In addition, both quantities increase with free-carrier concentration n e, as long as n e < 1.4 × 10 18cm −3. At higher free-carrier concentrations, both quantities decrease. A model is proposed involving the isolated oxygen vacancy as the luminescence center.
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