Abstract

The development of the Internet of Things (IoT) technology and their integration in smart cities have changed the way we work and live, and enriched our society. However, IoT technologies present several challenges such as increases in energy consumption, and produces toxic pollution as well as E-waste in smart cities. Smart city applications must be environmentally-friendly, hence require a move towards green IoT. Green IoT leads to an eco-friendly environment, which is more sustainable for smart cities. Therefore, it is essential to address the techniques and strategies for reducing pollution hazards, traffic waste, resource usage, energy consumption, providing public safety, life quality, and sustaining the environment and cost management. This survey focuses on providing a comprehensive review of the techniques and strategies for making cities smarter, sustainable, and eco-friendly. Furthermore, the survey focuses on IoT and its capabilities to merge into aspects of potential to address the needs of smart cities. Finally, we discuss challenges and opportunities for future research in smart city applications.

Highlights

  • Due to the tremendous development in communication and sensing technologies, ‘things’ around us are being connected together to provide various smart city applications, enhancing our life quality [1]

  • The authors focused on the benefits and applications of Internet of Things (IoT) for smart cities applications, the study does not discuss the techniques for improving IoT for enhancing the eco-friendlinesss and sustainability of smart cities

  • The authors focus on techniques which lead to fewer emissions, reduce traffic, improve waste management, reduce resource usage, reduce energy consumption, reduce pollution and improve Quality of Service (QoS) of communication networks

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Summary

Introduction

Due to the tremendous development in communication and sensing technologies, ‘things’ around us are being connected together to provide various smart city applications, enhancing our life quality [1]. Some IoT devices include cameras, sensors, Radio Frequency Identification (RFID), actuators, drones, mobile phones, etc All of these have the potential to communicate and work together to reach common goals [1, 4]. The combination of IoT and the practical techniques to reduce power consumption of big data processing and transmission can improve the quality of life in smart cities, and contribute to making the world greener, more sustainable, and collectively a safer place to live [15,16,17]. There is new potential in smart cities to become even smarter than before with the application of advanced technologies, such as Artificial Intelligence (AI) Examples of this can be seen in smart city components including sensor integrated smart transportation systems, cameras in smart monitoring systems, and so on. Authors in [22] introduced Information and Communication Technology (ICT) impacts on carbon emissions and smart cities’ energy consumption

Related work
Contribution
The scope of study and structure
ICT technology for smart cities
Smart data center for smart cities
Cloud computing for smart cities
Communication network for smart cities
Wireless sensor network for smart cities
Efficient energy for smart cities
Reducing pollution hazardous in smart cities
Waste management in smart cities
Sustainability in smart cities
Future directions
Drones for gathering data from the smart cities
Transmission data
Networking
Big data
Waste management
Opportunities
Conclusion

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