Green Chemistry: Evolution in Architecting Schemes for Perfecting the Synthesis Methodology of the Functionalized Nanomaterials

Abstract

AbstractRecently, significant attention and effort have been given to the synthesis of nanomaterials (NMs) by utilizing numerous conventional and advanced methodologies owing to its various applications in different fields of life. The green methodology is preferred over other approaches because of the advantages of cost‐effectiveness, environment friendliness, and non‐toxic nature of the utilized biogenic materials. This review summarizes and organizes the documented case studies presented in the last five years i. e. 2017–2021 that use the green chemistry approach for the production of NMs into the two broad categories of plant based NMs and microorganisms based NMs. Furthermore, the fundamentals involved in this production process such as optimization of the synthetic process, mechanism involved in the production of NMs owing to the selected biogenic system, and the extraction techniques utilized for the synthesis of the plant/biogenic extracts are also discussed in detail in this review. We believe that this review will highlight some critical practices and advancements which must be taken into consideration beforehand by the new/working scholars exploring the field of green chemistry for the production of NMs.