Abstract
The present study comprises the surfactant-based modified adsorbents as inorgano–organo composites for the removal of dyes. It was depicted that 0.05 g of modified clay could be efficiently used to adsorb >90% of dye (100 mg/L). The kinetic models (pseudo-first order, pseudo-second order, intraparticle diffusion model) and isothermal models (Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin) were also studied to examine the adsorption mechanism. Pseudo second-order kinetic model and Langmuir isothermal model fitted well with adsorption of dyes. The thermodynamic () parameters were also studied and negative value of ( and positive value of () indicates the spontaneity of adsorption.
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