Green analytical methodologies to determine personal care products in solid environmental matrices: Soils, sediments, sludge and biota ˗ A review

Abstract

• Overview of green sample preparation for personal care products in environmental solids. • Fragrance allergens, UV filters, musks and preservatives are considered. • Among the developments highlights the combination of advanced techniques and microextraction. • Miniaturization and microextraction techniques for PCPs in solids are key trends. Personal care products (PCPs) are contaminants of emerging concern (CEC) and their analysis in complex matrices such as solid environmental samples imply a challenge. The aim of this review article is to provide a 10-years overview and present update on extraction methods to determine different PCPs families including fragrance allergens, synthetic musks, preservatives, ultraviolet (UV) filters, plasticizers and siloxanes in soils, sediments, sludge and biota. The most relevant applications and green approaches on advanced extraction procedures such as microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), pressurized liquid extraction (PLE), matrix solid-phase dispersion (MSPD) or quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged & safe extraction (QuEChERS) will be addressed. The latest trends in microextraction techniques and the hybridization between different techniques will be also presented.