Gravity refrigeration cycle: An efficient approach for refrigeration in mountainous regions

Abstract

Traditional refrigeration methods often rely on energy-intensive, high operational costs and result in considerable negative environmental impacts. This paper introduces a novel and revolutionary approach to refrigeration technology through the implementation of the Gravity Refrigeration Cycle (GRC). GRC utilizes vertical pipelines in high elevation mountains instead of compressors to increase the pressure of refrigeration gases. Gas added to the top of the vertical pipeline is pulled down by gravity, increasing the pressure and density of the gas along the vertical pipeline and liquefying it at the bottom of the pipeline. The liquid is then transported back to the top of the mountain, where cooling services are provided, and the cycle starts again. The estimated coefficient of performance for a GRC system with 28 and −7 °C hot and cold sinks is 4.19, which is 1.84 times higher than conventional, mechanical refrigeration systems and a cost of 274 USD/kWt, 2.2 times higher than conventional systems. Gravity Refrigeration Cycle represents a paradigm shift in refrigeration technology in mountainous regions, particularly for processes with high demand for cooling, such as hydrogen liquefaction. As the world seeks greener and more economical alternatives, GRC could be a promising advancement in refrigeration.