Abstract
Ionic fluxes at carbon electrode/electrolyte interface have been already well described for organic medium. This description allowed for comprehensive understanding of the phenomena occuring during electrochemical capacitor operation. However, the processes on-going in aqueous electrolytes still need to be investigated, since several accompanying phenomena (eg. hydration, corrosion) might occur in this medium. Our attention is primarily focused on the performance of carbon electrodes operating with pH-neutral aqueous electrolytes, allowing a relatively high capacitor voltage to be reached. Apart from typical capacitive storage, our interest is focused also on hybrid mechanisms, delivered by application of redox-active electrolytes, based on iodides or pseudohalides. This paper will provide the insights into the ionic fluxes at the electrode/electrolyte interface, monitored by Quartz Crystal Electrochemical Microbalance, Scanning Electrochemical Microscope and Dilatometry techniques. Preliminary results indicate that the situation at the interface is somehow different than one might expect. For instance, the changes for positive and negative electrode are significantly different, although from electrochemical point of view they appear to follow the conventional cation/anion adsorption manner. In the case of redox-active electriolytes, the situation is even more complicated. This paper will provide the results from three different techniques - of different modus operandi but allowing for complementary observations and conclusions. Finally, the goal of this work is to understand and identify the phenomena at the interface, mostly in order to prevent the parasitic or detrimental processes and prolong the capacitor lifetime.
Published Version
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