Abstract
The electrochemical intercalation of PF6− anions into graphitic nanomaterials of renewable origin with different degrees of structural order to be subsequently used as cathodes for sodium dual-ion batteries is herein investigated for the first time. Overall, the electrochemical performance of the biogas-derived carbon nanofibers depends on their graphitic structure, specifically on crystallite height which was found to be the determining parameter for the scope of electrochemical intercalation of PF6− anions into these nanomaterials.
Highlights
Biogas is mostly used for the production of heat and electricity by combustion
The electrochemical intercalation of PF6− anions into graphitic nanomaterials of renewable origin with different degrees of structural order to be subsequently used as cathodes for sodium dual-ion batteries is investi gated for the first time
Considering the redox-amphoteric character of the graphitic mate rials, this study explores the electrochemical intercalation of PF6− anions in graphitized BCNFs from a sodium salt-based electrolyte to be subse quently used as cathodes for sodium dual-ion batteries (Na-DIBs)
Summary
An interesting option is the catalytic decomposition of biogas (CDB) to obtain syngas and carbon nanofibers (BCNFs) which can be graphitized [1,2]. Considering the redox-amphoteric character of the graphitic mate rials, this study explores the electrochemical intercalation of PF6− anions in graphitized BCNFs from a sodium salt-based electrolyte to be subse quently used as cathodes for sodium dual-ion batteries (Na-DIBs). The battery energy density depends on anion inter calation capacity at the cathode working voltage (≥5 V) [6]. These novel batteries are a promising alternative to SIBs since they may use low-cost and readily available carbon materials in both electrodes
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