Abstract
Graphene shows great potential in biosensing owing to its extraordinary optical, electrical and physical properties. In particular, graphene possesses unique optical properties, such as broadband and tunable absorption, and strong polarization-dependent effects. This lays a foundation for building graphene-based optical sensors. This paper selectively reviews recent advances in graphene-based optical sensors and biosensors. Graphene-based optical biosensors can be used for single cell detection, cell line, and anticancer drug detection, protein and antigen–antibody detection. These new high-performance graphene-based optical sensors are able to detect surface structural changes and biomolecular interactions. In all these cases, the optical biosensors perform well with ultra-fast detection, high sensitivities, unmarked, and are able to respond in real time. The future of the field of graphene applications is also discussed.
Highlights
Graphene, the thinnest material known [1,2,3,4], has attracted attention of scientists worldwide in recent years [5,6]
The results showed that the graphene-modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) could exhibit good reproducibility when detecting paracetamol
Graphene-based optical biosensors can be used for single cell detection [32,76,77], cell line and anticancer drug detection [78,79,80], protein and antigen–antibody detection [81,82,83]
Summary
The thinnest material known [1,2,3,4], has attracted attention of scientists worldwide in recent years [5,6]. Sci. 2019, 20, 2461 have a universal value ≈πα (2.3%) for light in the visible spectral range, depending on the of fine structure constant α, but not on the properties of the material [6,29] This value of optical absorption indicates that graphene shows ultra-high transparency the field of materials. Because of its strong broadband a linear energy-momentum dispersion relationship near the Dirac point, which allows graphene to absorption, graphene reflectance for transverse electric (TE) and transverse have a resonant optical exhibits responsedifferent to photons at any frequency in the ultra-broadband spectral range magnetic (TM) These excellent properties of graphene are used in many different types of sensing applications, including optical sensors, electric field sensors, electrochemical sensors, and gas sensors. These new high-performance graphene optical sensors will be able to detect changes in the surface structure of graphene and its interaction with biomolecules [68,84]
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
