Abstract
Dental implants are widely used tooth replacement tools owing to their good oral rehabilitation and reconstruction capacities. Since dental implants are designed as a replacement for natural teeth, multi-functional abilities are desired to achieve successful implant treatment with improved osseointegration through promotion of mammalian cell activity and prevention of bacterial cell activity. In this study, we developed a graphene–chitosan hybrid dental implant (GC hybrid implant) using various concentrations of graphene, which demonstrated the different surface properties including increased wettability and roughness. Importantly, the GC hybrid implant under the optimal condition (i.e., 1% GC hybrid implant) could significantly promote osteoblast proliferation while reducing biofilm formation and bacterial activity. Our study demonstrates the potential of using this GC hybrid implant as a new type of dental implant, which can offer an effective design for the fabrication of advanced dental implants.
Highlights
Dental implants are used as a permanent substitution for natural teeth for oral rehabilitation when edentulous patients have no other alternative to replace the tooth at the edentulate site
The GC solution was applied onto the surface of titanium discs through a spin-coating technique to improve the functionality of pure titanium as a dental implant
The hybrid implants were fabricated with three different concentrations of GC solution (1%, 3%, and 5%) and one chitosan solution-treated surface was prepared as a control
Summary
Dental implants are used as a permanent substitution for natural teeth for oral rehabilitation when edentulous patients have no other alternative to replace the tooth at the edentulate site. With advances in modern dental implantology, dental implants are fabricated using various materials, and new surgical techniques have been proposed to increase the success rate of dental implant treatment [1,2,3]. Metallic materials have gradually become the most widely used materials for dental implants owing to their stable mechanical property, high corrosion resistance, and suitable biocompatibility [4,5]. Despite these advantages of metallic materials, the incomplete osseointegration between the implant surface and transplanted site remains a critical problem after dental implant treatment [2,6].
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