Graphene and Chitosan Composite Film Modified Electrode as a Sensitive Voltammetric Sensor for Tyrosine Detection in Food and Biological Samples

Abstract

In this paper, a voltammetric sensor made from a graphene and chitosan modified glassy carbon electrode (GR-CTS/GCE) was fabricated for accurate analysis of tyrosine (Tyr) in both food and in biological samples. The surface morphology of the electrode and the properties of the electrode-electrolyte interface were determined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and cyclic voltammetry (CV). Compared with a bare glassy carbon electrode (GCE), the synergistic effect of GR and CTS is obvious. The peak current increases by 35.6 times. The experimental conditions were optimized by second derivative linear sweep voltammetry (SDLSV) and Tyr was quantitatively analyzed on the electrode. The study shows that the oxidation peak current of Tyr obtained in 0.1 M pH 2.7 phosphate buffer is proportional to its concentration between 0.006–0.8 μM and 0.8–10.0 μM, with the low detection limit being 4.0 nM (signal/noise = 3). The excellent anti-interference ability was demonstrated by investigating the voltammetric response of Tyr in mixtures containing other biomolecules. In addition, the sensor exhibited good stability and repeatability. Through the detection of Tyr in milk and serum samples, the effectiveness of the sensor is studied, and the results are satisfactory.