Abstract
Simple SummaryArtificial insemination (AI) is widely used in goats, stimulating the development of semen preservation techniques. Oxidative stress is considered to be the main cause of sperm quality decline over time. In this study, we explored the effect of grape seed procyanidin extract (GSPE) during the liquid preservation of goat semen. The results showed that adding GSPE into the basic diluent enhanced sperm quality by eliminating oxidative stress. The most suitable concentration for the preservation of goat semen at 4 °C was 30 mg/L. This work suggests that promotes the viability of goat semen stored at low temperatures and provides a theoretical foundation for the development of more efficient diluents.Grape seed procyanidin extract (GSPE) has been shown to possess antioxidative effects. This experiment was designed to study the effect of GSPE during the liquid storage of goat semen. Semen samples were collected from six sexually mature goats. The samples were treated with different concentrations of GSPE (10, 30, 50, and 70 mg/L) in basic diluent and stored at 4 °C for 120 h; samples without GSPE were used as the control group. The results showed that sperm motility, acrosome membrane integrity, mitochondrial activity, plasma membrane integrity, total antioxidative capacity (T-AOC), catalase (CAT) activity, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in the treatment groups were significantly higher than in the control group, whereas malondialdehyde (MDA) content was lower than in the control group (p < 0.05). In the treatment group, sperm quality in the 30 mg/L GSPE group was significantly higher than the other groups (p < 0.05). Furthermore, artificial insemination (AI) results showed that litter sizes were higher in the 30 mg/L GSPE group than in the control group (p < 0.05). In summary, this experiment showed that adding GSPE to the basic diluent improved sperm quality and that 30 mg/L of GSPE was the most suitable concentration for the liquid preservation of goat semen at 4 °C.
Highlights
The use of artificial insemination (AI) in animal breeding is widespread
Our research aimed to provide a scientific basis for the development of Grape seed procyanidin extract (GSPE) as a new supplement in the cryopreservation of goat semen
The results showed that the sperm motility did not differ significantly between the GSPE preservation and control groups at 0 h, 24 h, and 48 h
Summary
The use of artificial insemination (AI) in animal breeding is widespread. AI is a more economical, simpler, and a more successful technique than embryo transfer or natural mating for the rapid dissemination of elite livestock genetics [1]. Animals 2019, 9, 810 prolongs storage time and maintains fertilization capacity, facilitates long-distance transportation, and improves the reproductive efficiency of elite male animals [2,3]. Liquid preservation results in better conception rates than frozen [5,6]; as preservation time increases, the conception rate decreases. This decline is due to the gradual deterioration of sperm quality, including sperm motility, mitochondrial activity, acrosome and plasma membrane integrity [4]. The balance becomes disrupted during semen preservation in vitro, which results in the production and accumulation of large amounts of ROS [10]. The application of antioxidants to prolong semen quality during preservation is important
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