GRAMMATICAL TRANSFORMATIONS IN THE TRANSLATION OF A. SAPKOVSKY’S FANTASY AS THE MANIFESTATION OF SYSTEMATICALLY CONDITIONED TRANSFORMATIONS

Abstract

The article studies translation transformations in a literary text, which let the translator achieve the adequacy of the translation. The translation grammar transformations of the systematic type, used for adequate translation of the fantasy novels by A. Sapkovsky into Ukrainian, are analyzed. Translation transformations of the systematic type need to be applied due to differences in the grammatical systems of both languages. It was found that the translation involves substitutions at the level of word combinations, sentences, grammatical categories of gender and parts of speech. The article shows examples of established translations that estimate the differences of syntactic organization in subjunctive phrases, with indefinite pronoun coś, co (coś donogye, coś takiego, co innego) as a main sentence member and translations regarding differences in verb constructions with a dependent noun, as well as in the constructions “noun+noun”, “adjective adverb+noun”; “adverb+noun”. Also the following features are analyzed: differences in comparative constructions, constructions expressing the intensity of a feature; differences in constructions with the circumstances of the place; differences in the construction of sentences with a compound nominal predicate; differences in the construction of compound sentences (with the conjunction korzy, korzy to, with enclitics więcz, zaś, jednak, przeto, etc.); differences in constructions with an impersonal, indefinite-personal meaning, constructions with a passive state; differences in the gender category and belonging to a certain part of the language. The translators of A. Sapkovsky’s witch novels use transformations of the systematic type consistently, but there are breaks of the systematic schemes – in cases they are not mandatory for the language. The need to follow target language norms was noted.