Grain size and other agronomical traits variation in a winter wheat population of doubled haploid lines

Sorin Ciulca,Adriana Ciulca,Aurel Giura

doi:10.15835/nbha48312019

Abstract

In wheat, the size of the grain, respectively its dimensions as well as degree of filled, are important characteristics on which depends both the weight of the grain and yield of flour, the quality of milling and baking as well as the production capacity of the respective genotype. This paper presents the results obtained by studying for three years, under field condition, 85 doubled haploid (DH) lines obtained from the F1’s of ‘G.603-86’ (large grains genotype) × ‘F.132’ (normal grains genotype) crosses using biotechnological Zea system. The environmental conditions of the three years had an important contribution on the genotype × year interaction, which showed also a higher influence on 1000 kernel weight (TKW). The variability of plant height and ear emergence data was also affected to a similar extent by this interaction. Based on the performed results and analyses, were highlighted lines which show high and stable values of TKW (54-64 g), associated with a plants height of approximately 85-100 cm and an ear emergence from May 11 to 17, under some climatic conditions similar to the period of study. These doubled haploids lines can be considered as promising genotypes for using in wheat breeding programs in order to improve yield performances under temperate continental climate conditions.

Highlights

In wheat, the grain size respectively its dimensions as the degree of filling are important characteristics depending upon both the weight of the grain and the yield of the flour respectively the quality of the milling
Results based on eight years tests in different Southeast European countries including Romania with 422 prospective wheat lines and new varieties originated from the main wheat grown globally areas highlight the importance of 1000 kernel weight (TKW) and volumetric mass (VM) in achieving high production (Sharma et al, 2014)
The combined analysis of the variance based on the AMMI 2 model for wheat genotypes over three years (Table 1) indicates that both genotype and climatic conditions, respectively their interaction had significant effects on the importance of kernel weight (TKW)

Summary

Introduction

The grain size respectively its dimensions as the degree of filling are important characteristics depending upon both the weight of the grain and the yield of the flour respectively the quality of the milling. Being considered to be components of production with highest phenotypic stability, these attributes have been and remain constant concerns of breeding programs. Several studies argue that the progress of selection for a superior production capacity is directly related to the gradual increase of the grain size and degree of filling. Results based on eight years tests in different Southeast European countries including Romania with 422 prospective wheat lines and new varieties originated from the main wheat grown globally areas highlight the importance of 1000 kernel weight (TKW) and volumetric mass (VM) in achieving high production (Sharma et al, 2014). Similar advances have been made in other breeding programs, given the importance of these attributes in expressing the productivity of newly created varieties.

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