Abstract
Among the atoms in nanophase materials (with grain sizes less than 100 nm) a significant fraction are associated with grain boundaries. Properties of these new materials are thus affected not only by their reduced grain-size scale, but also by the nature of their grain boundary structures. High-resolution electron microscopy observations combined with image simulations, as well as complementary results from Raman spectroscopy and small-angle neutron scattering experiments, indicate that nanophase boundaries are similar in structure to those normally encountered in conventional coarse-grained polycrystals. They are commonly observed to be relatively flat and faceted with well-ordered localized structures. The available information on grain boundary structures in nanophase materials is briefly reviewed and future opportunities for measuring grain boundary properties are considered.
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