Abstract
Graphene oxide (GO) has attracted tremendous attention in membrane-based separation field as it can filter ions and molecules. Recently, GO-based materials have emerged as excellent modifiers for vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB) application. Its high mechanical and chemical stability, nearly frictionless surface, high flexibility, and low cost make GO-based materials as proper materials for the membranes in VRFB. In VRFB, a membrane acts as the key component to determine the performance. Therefore, employing low vanadium ion permeability with excellent stability membrane in vanadium electrolytes is important to ensure high battery performance. Herein, recent progress of GO-modified membranes for VRFB is briefly reviewed. This review begins with current membranes used for VRFB, followed by the challenges faced by the membranes. In addition, the transport mechanism of vanadium ion and the stability properties of GO-modified membranes are also discussed to enlighten the role of GO in the modified membranes.
Highlights
In recent years, there has been a growing interest in the development of electrochemical energy storage (EES) devices that convert chemical reaction to electrical energy, and store and release the energy when demanded [1, 2]
Among all EES devices, vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB) has gained attraction as a promising candidate in tackling the issues related to energy storage, especially for large-scale applications
Graphene oxide (GO)-modified membranes can be employed as vanadium redox flow membranes to reduce vanadium permeability
Summary
There has been a growing interest in the development of electrochemical energy storage (EES) devices that convert chemical reaction to electrical energy, and store and release the energy when demanded [1, 2]. Unlike other types of EES devices, VRFB uses all vanadium states (V2+, V3+, V4+, and V5+) in both positive and negative electrolytes. In VRFB, ion exchange membrane (IEM) plays a significant role that regulates the efficiency of battery. High proton conductivity, outstanding chemical and mechanical stability, as well as low cost are key characteristics for a VRFB membrane [8, 9]. Vanadium permeability is one of the fundamental measurements that needs to be considered when selecting membranes for VRFBs and predicting the efficiency of battery. Highly acidic electrolytes in VRFB should be considered. Graphene oxide (GO)-based membranes have gained attraction as alternative materials for VRFB application. The current paper reviews recently published works on employing GO-based membranes in VRFB application and its potential improvement.
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