Glycemic index of ten commercially Indonesian rice cultivars

Abstract

Ten Indonesian rice cultivars (Inpari 32, Sintanur, Inpago Unsoed 1, Sulutan Unsrat 2, Memberamo, Way Apo Buru, Bestari, Pepe, Situ Bagendit, and Logawa) were analysed for glycaemic index (GI). Wistar rats were randomly selected and after overnight fast were given a portion containing 0.44 g available carbohydrate of different cultivars cooked rice (test foods) or glucose (reference food) on separate occasions. Blood glucose responses were determined at fasting and during the postprandial periods over the next 2 h and we calculated the incremental area under the blood glucose response curve (IAUC). GI value was determined by dividing IAUC for test foods by IAUC for reference food and multiplying by 100. There were significant differences (p < 0.001) between GI values for Inpari 32 (74.54 ± 4.68), Sintanur (91.36 ± 1.28), Inpago Unsoed 1 (94.11 ± 5.93), Sulutan Unsrat 2 (83.56 ± 5.87), Memberamo (92.78 ± 3.69), Way Apo Buru (71.53 ± 7.71), Bestari (87.76 ± 12.69), Pepe (70.61 ± 10.69), and Situ Bagendit (81.81 ± 5.63) rice cultivars and all classified as high GI. However, Logawa (54.39 ± 1.49) cultivar was classified as low GI. Therefore, we have an urgent need to develop low GI rice cultivars via breeding technologies.