Abstract
ABSTRACTObjectives.Children with coeliac disease (CD) have an increased number of chromosome aberrations in peripheral blood lymphocytes. Whether genetically determined or a secondary phenomenon in CD, chromosome abnormalities may be involved in the predisposition to cancer in CD patients. The aim of the study was to follow a group of children with CD in whom the initial frequency of chromosome aberrations at diagnosis was known and to measure the same variable after a minimum of 2 years on a gluten‐free diet.Methods.Chromosome aberrations in peripheral blood lymphocytes were determined in 17 patients with CD, before and after at least 24 months of a gluten free diet (mean, 33 months), and in 15 healthy children. The differences in the frequency of aberrations were analyzed by Mann‐Whitney U test and Wilcoxon matched‐pairs signed‐ranks test.Results.Twelve patients adhered to the diet and had a significantly lower frequency of chromosome aberrations than did 5 patients not following the diet (0.16%v 1.2%; P = 0.03), whereas at presentation there had been no difference (1.54%v 1.2%; P = 0.09). The frequency of aberrations at follow‐up in patients who were diet adherent was significantly lower than at presentation (1.54% v 0.16%; P = 0.02) and remained unchanged in patients who were not diet adherent (1.2%v 1.2%; P = 1). After at least 24 months of a gluten‐free diet, children with CD did not differ from healthy control subjects (0.16%v 0.27%; P = 0.54), whereas children not following the diet had an increased frequency of aberrations (1.2%v 0.27%; P = 0.05).Conclusions.The frequency of chromosome aberrations in peripheral blood lymphocytes of patients with CD decreased significantly on a gluten‐free diet. We conclude that genomic instability is a secondary phenomenon, possibly caused by chronic intestinal inflammation.
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More From: Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition
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