Glucose and insulin regulate cell proliferation and glucose transporter (GLUT) synthesis in the liver of overfed geese

Abstract

Abstract In order to detect the role of glucose and insulin in cell proliferation of primary goose hepatocytes, Tianfu Meat Geese were overfed and the primary goose hepatocytes were treated with single insulin (50 nmol/l), single glucose (5 mmol/l), glucose (5 mmol/l) and insulin (50 nmol/l), respectively. The related parameters of cell proliferation and glucose transporter expression were measured. The results showed that after overfeeding, the serum concentration of insulin and glucose increased ( P<Â 0.05), the mRNA level of Cyclin D1 ( CCND1), Glucose transporter 1 ( GLUT1) and Glucose transporter 2 ( GLUT2) increased and the mRNA level of P21 decreased ( P<Â 0.05). Compared with the control group and the single treatment groups of glucose or insulin, the co-treatment of glucose and insulin had more dyed green bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU)-positive cells, higher G2/M phase and proliferative index (PI), indicating that the cell proliferation of primary hepatocytes was more evident. Secondly, compared with the control group, the co-treatment of glucose and insulin significantly increased the mRNA expression levels of CCND1, Cyclin D2 ( CCND2) and Cyclin D3 ( CCND3) ( P<Â 0.05). Compared with the control group, single treatments of glucose or insulin, and the co-treatment with glucose and insulin significantly increased the Cyclin D1 protein content ( P<Â 0.05). Also, compared with the control group, the co-treatment of glucose and insulin increased significantly ( P<Â 0.05) the mRNA levels of GLUT1 and GLUT2. In conclusion, the combined treatment of glucose and insulin had a stronger effect on cell proliferation, and GLUT1 and GLUT2 could indirectly induce cell proliferation of goose hepatocytes by regulating glucose uptake and insulin secretion of hepatocytes.