Abstract
Background: Inoculation with Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus has shown to influence root development in red rice plants, and more recently, the induced systemic tolerance (IST) response to drought was also demonstrated. The goal of this study was to evaluate the inoculation effect of G. diazotrophicus strain Pal5 on the amelioration of drought stress and root development in red rice (Oryza sativa L.). Methods: The experimental treatments consist of red rice plants inoculated with and without strain Pal5 in presence and absence of water restriction. Physiological, biochemical, and molecular analyses of plant roots were carried out, along with measurements of growth and biochemical components. Results: The plants showed a positive response to the bacterial inoculation, with root growth promotion and induction of tolerance to drought. An increase in the root area and higher levels of osmoprotectant solutes were observed in roots. Bacterial inoculation increased the drought tolerance and positively regulated certain root development genes against the water deficit in plants. Conclusion: G. diazotrophicus Pal5 strain inoculation favored red rice plants by promoting various root growth and developmental mechanisms against drought stress, enabling root development and improving biochemical composition.
Highlights
Roots are fundamentally important for growth and development, as they anchor the plant to its growth substrate, facilitate water and nutrient uptake from the soil, and sense and respond to environmental signals, such as abiotic stressors
To analyze the effects of Pal5 on various biochemical parameters, red rice plants were harvested at different water availability levels
Inoculation alleviates suppression of shoot growth at 50% and 70% water availability compared to uninoculated plants (Figure 1a), while inoculation mitigates the leaf area at 30%, 50%, and 70% water availability compared to control plants (Figure 1b)
Summary
Roots are fundamentally important for growth and development, as they anchor the plant to its growth substrate, facilitate water and nutrient uptake from the soil, and sense and respond to environmental signals, such as abiotic stressors. Development of drought tolerant genotypes has been the standard approach used to mitigate the problem of drought stress on rice, and conventional plant breeding techniques have resulted in the development of high yielding, drought-tolerant varieties. The disadvantages of this approach are its time consuming and labor-intensive features and that it could lead to loss of other desirable traits from the plant gene pool [4]. Conclusion: G. diazotrophicus Pal strain inoculation favored red rice plants by promoting various root growth and developmental mechanisms against drought stress, enabling root development and improving biochemical composition
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