Glucomannan Inhibits Rice Gruel-Induced Increases in Plasma Glucose and Insulin Levels

Abstract

Objective: Given the association between diabetes suppression and inhibition of diet-induced elevation in glucose and insulin, we investigated the effects of adding glucomannan to rice gruel on pre- and postprandial glucose and insulin concentrations. Methods: A total of 25 Japanese subjects without a history of diabetes or gastrointestinal disease (all males; aged 37–60 years; body mass index 20.4–31.6) participated in this study. Subjects received a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (75gOGTT) and rice gruel containing 0, 0.4, or 0.8% of glucomannan. Blood samples were then obtained at preload and at 30, 60, and 120 min after receiving 75 g of glucose or rice gruel with or without glucomannan. Results: After the 75gOGTT, 8 subjects had normal glucose tolerance (NGT), whereas 17 showed a borderline pattern. Moreover, our data showed that greater amounts of glucomannan promoted lesser 30-min postload plasma glucose and insulin levels, with differences being larger in the borderline group than in the NGT group. Conclusions: Glucomannan dose-dependently inhibited the rice gruel-induced increase in 30-min postprandial plasma glucose and insulin levels. Furthermore, greater inhibitory effects on glucose and insulin elevation were observed in the borderline group than in the NGT group.