GLOBALIZATIONAL AND NORMATIVE DETERMINANTS OF THE IMPROVEMENT OF THE BANKING CREDIT RISK MANAGEMENT IN POLAND

Abstract

Since the beginning of the nineties, globalization processes have also been progressing faster in Poland. One of the sectors of the Polish economy in which globalization is proceeding relatively quickly is the financial sector, especially commercial banking. This is related to the acquisition of Polish banks by foreign financial institutions, i.e. the process that most intensively occurred in the 90s of the last century. In addition, Poland's accession in 2004 to the structures of the European Union and the development of electronic banking, the development of technologies and Internet services are factors that have accelerated globalization processes in Poland in recent years. The high level of globalization also applies to the capital market, both from the side of the organization and the nature of transactions made at the Warsaw Stock Exchange. The result of this high level of globalization of financial markets in Poland was the rapid appearance of negative market and cyclical effects of the global financial crisis in the autumn of 2008. The source of this crisis was the acceptance of an excessively high level of credit risk in US investment banks. However, the negative economic consequences of this crisis also quickly appeared in Poland. In addition to the significant depreciation of market valuations of shares of companies listed on the War-saw Stock Exchange, significant macroeconomic effects have also appeared in the form of a decline in the economic growth of the Polish economy. The existing situation indicates the need to continue the improvement of banking prudential regulations and credit risk management instruments in financial institutions.