Abstract

In this review paper theoretical aspects of global reference systems are critically discussed in relation to their practical implementation through reference frames. These include the problem of the mathematical modeling of a spatiotemporal reference system for the deforming Earth, the relation of geodetic discrete-network reference systems to geophysical ones for the Earth mass continuum, the contribution of the various geodetic space techniques, the estimation issues related to the combination of the various data types, and issues relating to the compatibility of earth rotation representation. Finally issues related to future development of the International Terrestrial Reference Frame are discussed, concerning the addition of non-linear quasi-periodic terms in coordinate variation and their proper geophysical interpretation.

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