Global multipartite entanglement dynamics in Grover’s search algorithm

Abstract

Entanglement is considered to be one of the primary reasons for why quantum algorithms are more efficient than their classical counterparts for certain computational tasks. The global multipartite entanglement of the multiqubit states in Grover’s search algorithm can be quantified using the geometric measure of entanglement (GME). Rossi et al. (Phys Rev A 87:022331, 2013) found that the entanglement dynamics is scale invariant for large n. Namely, the GME does not depend on the number n of qubits; rather, it only depends on the ratio of iteration k to the total iteration. In this paper, we discuss the optimization of the GME for large n. We prove that “the GME is scale invariant” does not always hold. We show that there is generally a turning point that can be computed in terms of the number of marked states and their Hamming weights during the curve of the GME. The GME is scale invariant prior to the turning point. However, the GME is not scale invariant after the turning point since it also depends on n and the marked states.