Abstract
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a common malignant hematologic disease that is characterized by large numbers of dedifferentiated lymphoid cells. Statistical data of ALL's incidence and mortality are fundamental for policymakers to allocate resources optimally. In this study, we reported the incidence, death, and disability-adjusted life year (DALY) of ALL in the globe from 1990 to 2017. Our analysis showed that the incidence case of ALL increased by 30.81%, while the age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) maintained stable. Subgroup analysis by social-demographic index (SDI) showed that ALL's ASIR was significantly decreased in high SDI countries, but were moderately increased in high-middle SDI countries. The change trends of age-standardized death rate and DALY rate were similar to ASIR trends. Subgroup analysis by age groups showed that children and the elderly were more likely to suffer ALL. Risk factor analysis demonstrated that smoking was the most significant contributor to ALL's death and DALY in the globe. Besides, the high body-mass index is playing an increasingly important role in ALL-caused mortality. Multiple methods to counteract potential risk factors should be adopted, such as controlling body-mass index in all regions and avoiding occupational exposure to carcinogens in low SDI countries.
Highlights
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a commonly diagnosed hematologic tumor
Subgroup analysis by social-demographic index (SDI) showed that the age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) of ALL gradually decreased in high SDI countries during the 28 years (EAPC = -1.89, 95% CI -1.94 ~ -1.83) (Figure 1A–1C)
The ASIR of ALL was relatively stable in middle SDI countries (EAPC = 0.82, 95% CI 0.73 ~ 0.90)
Summary
In the United States, approximately 5930 cases of ALL were newly diagnosed, and nearly 1500 patients died from ALL in 2019 [1]. It has been well-established that ALL's incidence rate is closely related to age and gender [2]. Previous reports showed that the incidence rate of ALL reached a peak in 1~4-year-old children, dropped sharply, and had the lowest point in 25~45-year-old adults [1, 3]. Around 60% of ALL cases are diagnosed before the age of 20 [2]. The clinical outcomes of ALL vary in different age groups and countries. A comprehensive analysis of ALL's global burden and incidence trend helps assess the health cost and make corresponding policies
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
