Global and local perspectives on Indonesia's environmental problems and the role of NGO's

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Globalization of societal processes is most easily observed in the relation between people and their environment.1 Damage to the ozone layer, mostly caused by emissions in the North, has local consequences in Indonesia. Global warming may result in the flooding of Indonesian coastal cities and the rice-producing regions of northern Java. Supertankers transporting oil from the Gulf to Japan are a potential threat for Indonesia's marine and coastal ecosystems. On the other hand, local events have repercussions for other countries. Smoke from the 1991 and 1994 forest fires in Sumatra and