Abstract
BackgroundUnderstanding the spatial–temporal distribution characteristics of urban road traffic accidents is important for urban road traffic safety management. Based on the road traffic data of Wales in 2017, the spatial–temporal distribution of accidents is formed.MethodsThe density analysis method is used to identify the areas with high accident incidence and the areas with high accident severity. Then, two types of spatial clustering analysis models, outlier analysis and hot spot analysis are used to further identify the regions with high accident severity.ResultsThe results of density analysis and cluster analysis are compared. The results of density analysis show that, in terms of accident frequency and accident severity, Swansea, Neath Port Talbot, Bridgend, Merthyr Tydfil, Cardiff, Caerphilly, Newport, Denbighshire, Vale of Glamorgan, Rhondda Cynon Taff, Flintshire and Wrexham have high accident frequency and accident severity per unit area. Cluster analysis results are similar to the density analysis. Finally, the temporal distribution characteristics of traffic accidents are analyzed according to month, week, day and hour. Accidents are concentrated in July and August, frequently in the morning rush hour and at dusk, with the most accidents occurring on Saturday.ConclusionsBy comparing the two methods, it can be concluded that the density analysis is simple and easy to understand, which is conducive to understanding the spatial distribution characteristics of urban traffic accidents directly. Cluster analysis can be accurate to the accident point and obtain the clustering characteristics of road accidents.
Highlights
Spatial–temporal distribution characteristics are important attributes of road traffic accidents
There are mainly two methods to study the spatial distribution characteristics of road traffic accidents: one is to determine the frequent area of traffic accidents by statistical analysis, which is based on the accident location field in the collected accident information [1]
The algorithm is difficult to understand and the actual calculation efficiency is relatively low. Conclusions both density analysis and cluster analysis have been practised in the spatial analysis of traffic accidents, there are still some limitations in these methods
Summary
Spatial–temporal distribution characteristics are important attributes of road traffic accidents. There are mainly two methods to study the spatial distribution characteristics of road traffic accidents: one is to determine the frequent area of traffic accidents by statistical analysis, which is based on the accident location field in the collected accident information [1]. Another is to visually display traffic accidents by using GIS technology, and analyze the spatial distribution characteristics by using the spatial analysis method. Based on the road traffic data of Wales in 2017, the spatial–temporal distribution of accidents is formed
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