Abstract
Water Resource management is very important for sustained use of natural resources and is vital for existence of mankind. Groundwater plays a significant role due to its easy availability and low cost inputs for use. The present study deals with the monitoring of spatio-temporal changes in groundwater depth in Hisar district of Haryana state, India. A total of 92 observation wells were selected throughout the district for point observations. The groundwater depth (m, bgl) data from 1990 to 2014 of pre-monsoon for each year have been used in the present study. Change detection maps were generated using Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW) interpolation technique in Arc GIS. Depth to water level data at 4 year interval has been considered for monitoring the changes. Long-term variations have also been monitored by using data of 1990-2014 so as to understand the changing groundwater regime in the area. The study revealed uprising trend in average groundwater depth from 12.9 m bgl in 1990 to 8.10 m bgl in year 2014. The changes in the groundwater depth were more prominent in South (rising trend), East (rising trend) and North-east (rising trend) parts of the District. The probable reason for this trend is poor groundwater quality in southern and north-eastern parts of the district hampering the farmers from its use.
Highlights
Groundwater has an important role in the environment: it replenishes streams, rivers, and wetlands and helps to support wildlife habitat; it is used as primary source of drinking water and in agricultural and industrial activities
The entire area in this category is wide across the district and has a particular pattern/trend along north-east to south-west in 1990
It may be due to heavy floods in the district in 1995 as reported by Chaudhary et al, 1999, Arya et al, 1996 that rainfall of about 600 mm was recorded in many parts of Haryana over a small period of one week from August 29-30 to September 5, 1995 and larger area in depth range of 10-20 meter in 1994 came in depth range of 3-10 meter in 1998
Summary
Groundwater has an important role in the environment: it replenishes streams, rivers, and wetlands and helps to support wildlife habitat; it is used as primary source of drinking water and in agricultural and industrial activities. Groundwater comprises 97 percent of fresh water not tied up as ice and snow in polar ice sheets, glaciers, and snowfields. This greatly exceeds the amount of water in streams, rivers, and lakes. Excessive pumping of water from an aquifer may result in an area wide lowering of the water table (Babu et al, 2011). This will eventually occur any place where more water is pumped than is recharged by infiltrating precipitation. Over drafting from an aquifer may result in changes in groundwater quality, a reduction in groundwater availability (and the loss of water supply to current and future wells), and perhaps even a permanent loss of the aquifer's capacity to store water
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
