Abstract
Flash floods occur periodically in Makkah city, Saudi Arabia, due to several factors including its rugged to-pography and geological structures. Hence, precise assessment of floods becomes a more vital demand in development planning. A GIS-based methodology has been developed for quantifying and spatially mapping the flood characteristics. The core of this new approach is integrating several topographic, metrological, geological, and land use datasets in a GIS environment that utilizes the Curve Number (CN) method of flood modelling for ungauged arid catchments. Additionally, the computations of flood quantities, such as depth and volume of runoff, are performed in the attribute tables of GIS layers, in order to assemble all results in the same environment. The accomplished results show that the runoff depth in Makkah, using a 50-years re-turn period, range from 128.1 mm to 193.9 mm while the peak discharge vary from 1063 m3/s to 4489 m3/s. The total flood volume is expected to reach 172.97 million m3 over Makkah metropolitan area. The advan-tages of the developed methodology include precision, cost-effective, digital outputs, and its ability to be re-run in other conditions.
Highlights
Hazards of flash floods are vital in terms of human lives loss and economical damages
This paper aims to develop a Geographic Information Systems (GIS) approach for assessing the flash flood hazards for Makkah metropolitan area, utilizing the most up-to-date and precise available data sets
The developed methodology is based on integrating several datasets in a GIS environment utilizing the SRC Curve Number (CN) flood modelling method
Summary
Hazards of flash floods are vital in terms of human lives loss and economical damages. This paper aims to develop a GIS approach for assessing the flash flood hazards for Makkah metropolitan area, utilizing the most up-to-date and precise available data sets. Flood estimation methods aim to model the rainfall-runoff relationships, and can be categorized into three groups according to their complexity. Simple approaches, such as the rational method and empirical formulas, estimate the peak discharge quickly and with little number of inputs. The Curve Number (CN) is an example of moderate flood estimation methods. The CN method is quite used in engineering design and flood management projects, in the USA [10,11,12,13]
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
