GIS Application in Mapping of Forest and Land Fires and Mitigation in Banjarbaru City, South Kalimantan

Abstract

Forest and land fires is an important issue to be concerned due to its impact to the environment, especially in Banjarbaru City, South Kalimantan. Since the city is used as government area and mostly located in peatland, the prevention is needed to overcome the fires disaster. It can be done by using Geographic Information System (GIS). This study aims to mapping and analyzing the susceptible area of forest and land fires and its mitigation to overcome it. the level of susceptible of forest and land fires is the possibility of fires disaster which is done by GIS to define the priority area of mitigation. The modelling processed to obtained the susceptible area of forest and land fires by using GIS application. Geographic Information System (GIS) applied by using in ArcMap 10.2 facilitates the coating process between fires-causing factors. Physical environmental factors and human activities are two main factors of forest and land fires disaster. Factors used in modelling are land type, altitude and landuse. Each of them has score and percentage due to its risk to the fires disaster. From the modelling of fires-causing factors in Arc. Map 10.2 has been generated the susceptible area of forest and land fires. There are five level of susceptible area, such as not susceptible, low, moderate, high, and very high. Banjarbaru has five district, namely Lianganggang, Landasanulin, Banjarbaru Utara, Banjarbaru Selatan, and Cempaka. The very high area is around 15% area of Banjarbaru City and located in north and west area of Lianganggang district, north area of Landasanulin District and in the west of Banjarbaru Utara district. The high area has about 32% area of Banjarbaru City which is located in South Lianganggang district, southwest and east of Landasanulin district, in the center and west area of Cempaka district and also in north and east part of Banjarbaru Utara. The moderate level of forest and land fires disaster has about 17% area of this city that located in the middle of Lianganggang, southeast of Landasanulin, and south and west part of Cempaka district. And the low level has 32% area of the city and mostly located in cempaka, Banjarbaru utara dan Banjarbaru Selatan district. The last, not susceptible area is only about 0,13% in Cempaka district. The mitigation mostly located in Landasanulin dan Lianganggang district by making canals and boreholes. Local people are also encouraged to do quick response action by giving them water machine to extinguish the fires if it suddenly happened around them while waiting the helicopter from BNPB coming to help. Banjarbaru City, South Kalimantan Selatan is susceptible enough of forest and land fires disaster, especially in the west of Banjarbaru city. The susceptible area of forest and land fires is useful to assist in monitoring and determining priority areas in fires disaster mitigation. Besides, it useful to improve the level of local people awareness to not do something at risk of causing fires.