Abstract

Gingival hyperplasia is associated with several factors, such as chronic inflammation due to the large accumulation of biofilm and medications including anticonvulsants. The aim of this study is to report a clinical case of a 4-year-old spastic quadriplegic cerebral palsy patient with gingival hyperplasia in the palatal region of the upper teeth induced by the use of high doses of anticonvulsant medications. The patient attended the Dental Assistance Center for People with Disabilities, with fibrotic gingival hyperplasia in the upper posterior region, covering the dental crowns on the palatal and occlusal surfaces. Oral hygiene instructions were previously carried out using chlorhexidine gluconate solution (0.12%) on the teeth with the aid of a cotton swab, twice a day for seven days, to reduce bacterial plaque levels and control periodontal inflammation. Gingivectomy was performed using a gallium aluminum arsenide diode laser (GaAlAs; 808±10 nm, 2.5 W output power, continuous mode). Following the surgical procedures, photobiomodulation therapy was performed with a low-level aluminum gallium indium phosphide diode laser (InGaAlP; 660±10 nm, 100 mW, 3 J) at three points (anterior, middle and posterior region of surgical wound). The patient returned at 7 and 30 days after surgery presenting accelerated wound healing. It was concluded that the high-level diode laser associated with photobiomodulation therapy were effective for performing a conservative and safe procedure in a patient with severe neurological disorder.

Highlights

  • Cerebral palsy (CP) is one of the most prevalent neurological disorders in children (Cans, 2000; Pakula, et al, 2009).It comprises several disorders resulting from a non-progressive brain lesion during its development and affects motor impairment, associated with sensory, cognitive, perceptual, behavioral and/or epileptic disorders (Bax, et al, 2005; Agarwal, et al, 2012; Colver, et al, 2014)

  • This study aims to report a clinical case of a 4-year-old patient with cerebral palsy with Gingival hyperplasia (GH) in the palatal region of the upper teeth, caused by the continuous use of anticonvulsant drugs, who was submitted to gingivectomy using a highlevel diode laser followed by photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy

  • A 4-year-old male child with cerebral palsy was referred to the Dental Assistance Center for People with Disabilities (CAOE, School of Dentistry of Araçatuba, UNESP, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil), with the main complaint of gingival enlargement in the upper posterior region of the oral cavity, covering several dental crowns mainly on the palatal and occlusal surfaces of the upper teeth

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Summary

Introduction

Cerebral palsy (CP) is one of the most prevalent neurological disorders in children (Cans, 2000; Pakula, et al, 2009) It comprises several disorders resulting from a non-progressive brain lesion during its development and affects motor impairment, associated with sensory, cognitive, perceptual, behavioral and/or epileptic disorders (Bax, et al, 2005; Agarwal, et al, 2012; Colver, et al, 2014). High-level diode lasers can be used to perform various soft tissue surgeries including removal of frenun attachment muscles, gingivectomy/gingivoplasty, gingival contour corrections and gingival smile, clinical crown augmentation, proximal wedge, excisional biopsy, among others (De Oliveira Guaré, et al, 2010; Theodoro, et al, 2015; Cobb, 2016) This laser is absorbed by chromophores such as hemoglobin in soft tissues, promoting hemostasis; it is commonly indicated in soft tissue surgeries that require hemostatic control (De Oliveira Guaré, et al, 2010). This study aims to report a clinical case of a 4-year-old patient with cerebral palsy with GH in the palatal region of the upper teeth, caused by the continuous use of anticonvulsant drugs, who was submitted to gingivectomy using a highlevel diode laser followed by photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy

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