Gigantic SO2 emission from Miyakejima volcano, Japan, caused by caldera collapse

Abstract

Research Article| May 01, 2004 Gigantic SO2 emission from Miyakejima volcano, Japan, caused by caldera collapse Kohei Kazahaya; Kohei Kazahaya 1Geological Survey of Japan, Institute of Advanced Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8567, Japan Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Hiroshi Shinohara; Hiroshi Shinohara 1Geological Survey of Japan, Institute of Advanced Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8567, Japan Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Kozo Uto; Kozo Uto 1Geological Survey of Japan, Institute of Advanced Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8567, Japan Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Masanobu Odai; Masanobu Odai 2Japan Meteorological Agency, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100-8122, Japan Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Yasuhiro Nakahori; Yasuhiro Nakahori 2Japan Meteorological Agency, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100-8122, Japan Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Hirokazu Mori; Hirokazu Mori 2Japan Meteorological Agency, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100-8122, Japan Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Hideki Iino; Hideki Iino 2Japan Meteorological Agency, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100-8122, Japan Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Makoto Miyashita; Makoto Miyashita 2Japan Meteorological Agency, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100-8122, Japan Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Junichi Hirabayashi Junichi Hirabayashi 3Volcano Fluid Research Centre, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-0033, Japan Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Geology (2004) 32 (5): 425–428. https://doi.org/10.1130/G20399.1 Article history received: 10 Dec 2003 rev-recd: 10 Jan 2004 accepted: 12 Jan 2004 first online: 02 Mar 2017 Cite View This Citation Add to Citation Manager Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Search Site Citation Kohei Kazahaya, Hiroshi Shinohara, Kozo Uto, Masanobu Odai, Yasuhiro Nakahori, Hirokazu Mori, Hideki Iino, Makoto Miyashita, Junichi Hirabayashi; Gigantic SO2 emission from Miyakejima volcano, Japan, caused by caldera collapse. Geology 2004;; 32 (5): 425–428. doi: https://doi.org/10.1130/G20399.1 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Refmanager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentBy SocietyGeology Search Advanced Search Abstract An extremely large amount of volcanic gas has been released since mid-August 2000 from the volcanic island of Miyakejima, Japan, after formation of a summit caldera of 1.6 km diameter. The volcanic gas emission was continuous with very little extrusive magma activity. Variation of the SO2 emission rate was monitored by repeated measurements with an airborne correlation spectrometer. In December 2000, the SO2 emission rate averaged for the month peaked at 54 kt/d, which is twice the global SO2 emission rate from nonerupting volcanoes evaluated before this activity. The SO2 emission rate gradually decreased, almost linearly when plotted on a log scale, to 7 kt/d by the end of 2002, and then remained constant until at least December 2003. The total SO2 emission amounts to 18 Mt, comparable to the emission of a large explosive eruption such as Pinatubo in 1991. A theoretical evaluation, based on the model of magma convection in a conduit, suggests that extremely large volcanic gas emissions can be caused by formation of a magma pathway with a slightly larger diameter than exists in common systems, because the magma-transport rate is proportional to the fourth power of the conduit radius. Because volcanic gas emissions were initiated by formation of a summit collapse caldera of 1.6 km diameter, the creation of a large magma-conduit system through fractures formed during caldera collapse is likely the underlying cause of the extremely large volcanic gas emissions from the volcano. You do not have access to this content, please speak to your institutional administrator if you feel you should have access.