Abstract
It has been theoretically predicted that under conditions leading to Gibbs-Donnan equilibrium in case when size of one compartment is very different from another (as in system “membrane vesicle/liposomes—incubation medium”) stable transmembrane potential can be formed, which value is sufficient to fit requirement of real transmembrane potential. Four partial cases were considered with different location and charge of impermeable ion and it was concluded that locations of impermeable ions in medium provide stable transmembrane potential with sufficient value of 60 - 70 mV. Potential-sensitive probe, such as DiOC6(3) and oxonol VI, were used to confirm the calculated potential. According to the change in fluorescence level and emission/excitation shift, a stable and relatively high transmembrane potential can be formed if salt of impermeable ion is located in incubation medium. Impermeable cations and anions may be used to create positive and negative transmembrane potential respectively.
Highlights
Membrane potential is a usual characteristic of all the living cells
Gibbs-Donnan equilibrium [29] is conceived when there are two compartments separated by half-permeable membrane and there are impermeable ions in one of the compartments and permeable salt in both ones
Due to the Donnan effect negative charge appears inside vesicle. We considered it as a positive transmembrane potential, in other words, transmembrane potential is positive if internal side of membrane has bigger negative charge than external side has
Summary
Membrane potential is a usual characteristic of all the living cells. It is created by ion gradient across the lipid bilayer and reaches values in range −90 ... Due to changes in magnitude of membrane potential, cells are able to transmit nerve pulses [5] [6], couple excitation-contraction [7], communicate [8], proliferate [9], and fertilize [10]. Goldman-Hodgkin-Katz voltage equation can be used to calculate value of transmembrane potential (1): V = RT ln PNa Na+ out + PK K + out + PCl Cl + out (1) F. PNa Na+ in + PK K + in + PCl Cl + in
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